HELPFUL HINTS FOR NCLEX
- Know signs and symptoms of a patient who is in CHF exacerbation (some examples: orthopnea, lower extremity swelling, sudden weight gain, crackles…)
- Know some common nursing diagnoses that would be top priority for these patients (always remember A-irway, B-reathing, C-irculation)
- Know the general side effects on electrolytes when taking furosemide (ex: hypokalemia). Have a general idea of the normal potassium range
- Know the importance of a low sodium diet for these patients and know foods that would not fit this criteria
- Know common meds used in CHF- ex digoxin. Also know general side effects & mechanism of action for each
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Helpful Video on Ejection Fraction
Abbreviations:
BNP: Brain natriuretic peptide (a lab level)
CHF: Congestive heart failure
CXR: Chest X-ray
EF: Ejection fraction (found on echo- how well heart pumps)
I/O: Intake & Output
JVD: Jugular vein distension
K: Potassium
LE: Lower extremity
Tx: Treatment
