-Acute Renal Failure: Generally reversible. Can often be treated with IV fluids. Dehydration, kidney stones or other blockages, sepsis, decreased blood flow to the kidneys, blood loss, and some cause of ARF.
-Anuric: Urine output <100 cc a day. Often seen in chronic kidney disease patients on diaylsis
-Chronic kidney disease: There are 5 stages. The 5th Stage being End Stage and usually necessitating dialsysis in order for the body to filter extra fluid & toxins. The kidneys are no longer able to do this on their own. The GFR is <15 at this stage. Daily weights, fluids restrictions, strict diet restrictions, medication and scheduled dialysis compliance is extremely important at the 5th stage.
-Glomerulonephritis: Inflammation of the filters of the kidneys which can seriously damage the kidneys. Some potential causes are: strep throat, lupus.
-Hydronephrosis: kidney swelling due to blockage of ureters causing a back-flow of urine into the kidneys
-Nephrotic syndrome: Also known as leaky kidneys. With nephrotic syndrome, the filters of the kidneys (the glomeruli) are damaged. Because of this damage, protein begins to leak into the urine. Protein is not normally supposed to leak out in the urine. Protein retention is important because it keep fluids where they are supposed to be in the body- your bloodstream. So when it leaks, you have less in system and therefore the fluids start to leak into the tissues and thus causing swelling of tissues. Fluid retention develop and swelling of body is often seen (eyes, feet, hands, legs).
-Nephrolithiasis: Renal stone in the actual kidney
-Oliguric: Urine output <500 cc urine a day
-Pyelonephritis: Infection of the kidneys
-Ureterolithiasis: Kidney stone in ureters. The passage way that connects your kidneys to the bladder. Each kidney has one
REFERENCES:
<a href=”https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000490.htm”>https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000490.htm</a>
<a href=”https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/nephrotic”>https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/nephrotic</a>
<a href=”http://www.healthline.com/health/glomerulonephritis#Overview”>http://www.healthline.com/health/glomerulonephritis#Overview</a>
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